1. Kodi choteteza kutayikira ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Woteteza kutayikira (kutayikira chitetezo switch) ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chamagetsi. The leakage protector imayikidwa mu low-voltage circuit. Pamene kutayikira ndi kugwedezeka kwa magetsi kumachitika, ndipo mtengo wamakono wogwira ntchito wotetezedwa ndi wotetezedwa ukafikiridwa, idzachitapo kanthu ndikuchotsa magetsi mkati mwa nthawi yochepa kuti itetezedwe.
2. Kodi kapangidwe ka chitetezo chotayikira ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Woteteza kutayikira amapangidwa makamaka ndi magawo atatu: chinthu chodziwikiratu, ulalo wapakatikati wokulitsa, ndi cholumikizira chogwiritsira ntchito. ①Chinthu chozindikira. Zili ndi ma transfoma otsatizana a zero, omwe amazindikira kutuluka kwaposachedwa ndikutumiza ma sign. ② kukulitsa ulalo. Limbikitsani chizindikiro chotsika chofooka ndikupanga choteteza chamagetsi ndi chotchingira chamagetsi malinga ndi zida zosiyanasiyana (gawo lokulitsa litha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina kapena zida zamagetsi). ③ bungwe lalikulu. Pambuyo polandira chizindikirocho, chosinthira chachikulu chimasinthidwa kuchoka pamalo otsekedwa kupita kumalo otseguka, motero amadula magetsi, omwe ndi gawo lolowera kuti dera lotetezedwa lichotsedwe ku gridi yamagetsi.
3. Kodi mfundo yogwira ntchito yoteteza kutayikira ndi yotani?
yankho:
①Zida zamagetsi zikatuluka, pamakhala zochitika ziwiri zachilendo:
Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa magawo atatu pakali pano kumawonongeka, ndipo zero-sequence current imachitika;
Chachiwiri ndi chakuti pali voteji pansi mu casing zitsulo zosagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse (nthawi zonse, zitsulo zachitsulo ndi pansi zonse zili pa zero).
②Ntchito ya zero-sequence current transformer The leaktor protector amapeza chizindikiro chosazolowereka mwa kuzindikira kwa thiransifoma yamakono, yomwe imatembenuzidwa ndi kutumizidwa kudzera mu njira yapakatikati kuti actuator achitepo kanthu, ndipo magetsi amachotsedwa kupyolera mu chipangizo chosinthira. Kapangidwe ka thiransifoma yamakono ndi yofanana ndi ya transformer, yomwe imakhala ndi ma coil awiri omwe amatsekedwa kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake ndikuvulaza pachimake chomwecho. Pamene coil yoyamba ili ndi mphamvu yotsalira, coil yachiwiri imayambitsa zamakono.
③ Mfundo yogwirira ntchito yoteteza kutayikira Kuteteza kutayikira kumayikidwa pamzere, koyilo yoyambira imalumikizidwa ndi mzere wa gridi yamagetsi, ndipo koyilo yachiwiri imalumikizidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwachitetezo chotuluka. Zida zamagetsi zikagwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zili mumzerewu zimakhala bwino, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma vectors omwe alipo mu thiransifoma ndi ziro (pakali pano ndi vector yokhala ndi njira, monga njira yotuluka ndi "+", njira yobwerera ndi "-", mu Mafunde opita mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mu thiransifoma ndi ofanana mu kukula ndi zotsutsana ndi zabwino, ndi zina zotsutsana). Popeza palibe chotsalira chotsalira mu coil yoyamba, koyilo yachiwiri sidzapangitsidwa, ndipo chipangizo chosinthira chachitetezo chotsitsa chimagwira ntchito motsekedwa. Pamene kutayikira kumachitika pa casing ya zida ndipo wina wakhudza izo, shunt amapangidwa pa vuto. Kutuluka kwaposachedwa kumeneku kumakhazikitsidwa kudzera m'thupi la munthu, dziko lapansi, ndikubwerera kumalo osalowerera ndale (popanda thiransifoma yamakono), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti transformer ilowe ndi kutuluka. Pakali pano ndi yosalinganika (chiwerengero cha ma vector omwe alipo pano si zero), ndipo koyilo yoyambira imapanga zotsalira. Chifukwa chake, koyilo yachiwiri idzapangitsidwa, ndipo mtengo wapano ukafika pamtengo womwe ukugwira ntchito wocheperako ndi woteteza kutayikira, chosinthira chodziwikiratu chidzayenda ndipo mphamvu idzadulidwa.

4. Kodi zigawo zazikulu zaumisiri zoteteza kutayikira ndi ziti?
Yankho: The waukulu ntchito magawo ntchito ndi: oveteredwa kutayikira ntchito panopa, oveteredwa kutayikira ntchito nthawi, oveteredwa kutayikira osagwira ntchito panopa. Magawo ena akuphatikizapo: ma frequency amphamvu, ma voliyumu ovotera, ovotera pano, ndi zina.
①Ovotera kutayikira kwapano Mtengo wapano wa chitetezo chotayikira kuti chigwire ntchito pansi pamikhalidwe yodziwika. Mwachitsanzo, kwa chitetezo cha 30mA, mtengo womwe ukubwera ukafika pa 30mA, woteteza adzachitapo kanthu kuti athetse magetsi.
②Nthawi yochita kutayikira imatanthawuza nthawi yochokera pakugwiritsa ntchito mwadzidzidzi kwa kutayikira komwe kukuchitika mpaka gawo lachitetezo litadulidwa. Mwachitsanzo, kwa wotetezera wa 30mA × 0.1s, nthawi kuchokera pamtengo wamakono kufika ku 30mA mpaka kupatukana kwa kukhudzana kwakukulu sikudutsa 0.1s.
③Kutayikira komwe sikunagwire ntchito malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa, mtengo wapano wa chitetezo chosagwira ntchito uyenera kusankhidwa ngati theka la mtengo wapano wotayikira. Mwachitsanzo, woteteza kutayikira ndi kutayikira panopa 30mA, pamene mtengo panopa ali pansi 15mA, mtetezi sayenera kuchita, apo ayi n'zosavuta ntchito chifukwa tilinazo kwambiri tilinazo, zimakhudza ntchito yachibadwa zida zamagetsi.
④Zigawo zina monga: ma frequency amphamvu, ma voliyumu ovotera, ovotera pakali pano, ndi zina zambiri, posankha choteteza kutayikira, ziyenera kugwirizana ndi dera ndi zida zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Magetsi ogwirira ntchito achitetezo chotayikira amayenera kusinthira kumagetsi ovotera amtundu wanthawi zonse wa gridi yamagetsi. Ngati kusinthasintha kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito achitetezo, makamaka pazinthu zamagetsi. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikakhala yotsika kuposa voliyumu yogwira ntchito yachitetezo, imakana kuchitapo kanthu. Mphamvu yogwirira ntchito yachitetezo chotayikira iyeneranso kukhala yogwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika mderali. Ngati mphamvu yeniyeni yogwirira ntchitoyo ndi yayikulu kuposa yomwe idavoteledwa pakalipano, imayambitsa kuchulukira ndikupangitsa kuti wotetezayo asagwire bwino ntchito.
5. Kodi ntchito yayikulu yoteteza yoteteza kutayikira ndi iti?
Yankho: Woteteza kutayikira makamaka amapereka chitetezo kukhudzana mwachindunji. Pazifukwa zina, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chitetezo chowonjezera pakukhudzana mwachindunji kuteteza ngozi zomwe zingaphatikizidwe ndi magetsi.
6. Kodi kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi chitetezo kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Thupi la munthu likakhudza thupi lokhala ndi mphamvu ndipo pali mphamvu yodutsa m'thupi la munthu, imatchedwa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi ku thupi la munthu. Malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kwa thupi la munthu, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu amagetsi olunjika komanso kugwedezeka kwamagetsi. Kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kwachindunji kumatanthawuza kugwedezeka kwa magetsi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha thupi la munthu kukhudza mwachindunji thupi lopangidwa (monga kukhudza mzere wa gawo). Kugwedezeka kwamagetsi kosalunjika kumatanthawuza kugwedezeka kwamagetsi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha thupi la munthu kukhudza kondakitala wachitsulo yemwe salipiritsidwa nthawi zonse koma amaperekedwa pazifukwa zolakwika (monga kukhudza casing ya chipangizo chotayira). Malinga ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimachititsa mantha amagetsi, njira zopewera kugwedezeka kwamagetsi zimagawidwanso kukhala: chitetezo chokhudzana ndi kukhudzana ndi chitetezo chapadera. Kuti muteteze kukhudzana mwachindunji, miyeso monga kutsekereza, chivundikiro choteteza, mpanda, ndi mtunda wachitetezo zitha kutengedwa; pofuna kuteteza kukhudzana kwachindunji, njira monga zotetezera (zolumikizana ndi zero), zotchinga zotchinga, ndi zoteteza kutayikira zimatha kutengedwa.
7. Kodi pali ngozi yotani pamene thupi la munthu lagwidwa ndi magetsi?
Yankho: Pamene thupi la munthu limagwidwa ndi magetsi, mphamvu yowonjezera imalowa m'thupi la munthu, pamene gawoli limakhala lalitali, ndiloopsa kwambiri. Mlingo wa chiopsezo ukhoza kugawidwa m'magawo atatu: kuzindikira - kuthawa - ventricular fibrillation. ① Gawo la kuzindikira. Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu yodutsa ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, thupi la munthu limatha kumva (nthawi zambiri kuposa 0.5mA), ndipo silikuvulaza thupi la munthu panthawiyi; ② Chotsani siteji. Imatanthawuza zamtengo wapatali wapano (nthawi zambiri woposa 10mA) womwe munthu amatha kuchotsa pomwe elekitirodi yagwidwa ndi dzanja. Ngakhale kuti mtsinjewu ndi woopsa, umatha kuuchotsa pawokha, choncho sikuti umayambitsa ngozi. Pamene mphamvuyi ikuwonjezeka kufika pamlingo wina, munthu amene wagwidwa ndi magetsi amagwira mwamphamvu thupi loyimbidwa chifukwa cha kukangana kwa minofu ndi kupindika, ndipo sangathe kuzichotsa yekha. ③ siteji ya ventricular fibrillation. Ndi kuwonjezereka kwapano komanso nthawi yayitali yamagetsi yamagetsi (nthawi zambiri kuposa 50mA ndi 1s), fibrillation ya ventricular idzachitika, ndipo ngati mphamvuyo siyikulumikizidwa nthawi yomweyo, imayambitsa imfa. Zitha kuwoneka kuti ventricular fibrillation ndizomwe zimayambitsa kufa ndi electrocution. Choncho, chitetezo cha anthu nthawi zambiri sichimayambitsidwa ndi fibrillation yamitsempha yamagazi, monga maziko odziwira chitetezo chamagetsi.
8. Kodi chitetezo cha “30mA·s” nchiyani?
Yankho: Kupyolera mu kuyesa kwakukulu kwa zinyama ndi maphunziro, zasonyezedwa kuti fibrillation ya ventricular sikungogwirizana ndi panopa (I) kudutsa thupi la munthu, komanso yokhudzana ndi nthawi (t) yomwe imakhalapo m'thupi la munthu, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa magetsi otetezeka Q = I × t kudziwa, kawirikawiri 50mA s. Ndiko kunena kuti, pamene panopa sichidutsa 50mA ndipo nthawi yomwe ilipo ili mkati mwa 1s, ventricular fibrillation nthawi zambiri sizichitika. Komabe, ngati ikuyendetsedwa molingana ndi 50mA · s, pamene mphamvu-pa nthawi ndi yochepa kwambiri ndipo mphamvu yodutsa ndi yaikulu (mwachitsanzo, 500mA × 0.1s), pali chiopsezo choyambitsa ventricular fibrillation. Ngakhale kuti zosakwana 50mA·s sizingapha munthu chifukwa cha kuwomba ndi magetsi, zidzachititsanso munthu wogwidwa ndi magetsi kusiya kuzindikira kapena kuchititsa ngozi yachiwiri. Zochita zatsimikizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito 30 mA s ngati mawonekedwe a chipangizo choteteza kugwedezeka kwamagetsi ndikoyenera kwambiri pachitetezo chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kupanga, ndipo kumakhala ndi chitetezo chanthawi 1.67 poyerekeza ndi 50 mA s (K = 50/30 = 1.67). Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku malire a chitetezo cha "30mA·s" kuti ngakhale panopa kufika 100mA, bola ngati chitetezo chotayikira chikugwira ntchito mkati mwa 0.3s ndikudula mphamvu, thupi la munthu silingawononge ngozi. Chifukwa chake, malire a 30mA·s akhalanso maziko osankha zinthu zoteteza kutayikira.

9. Ndi zida ziti zamagetsi zomwe ziyenera kuyikidwa ndi zoteteza kutayikira?
Yankho: Zida zonse zamagetsi zomwe zili pamalo omanga ziyenera kukhala ndi chipangizo choteteza kutayikira kumapeto kwa mzere wonyamula zida, kuphatikiza kulumikizidwa ndi zero kuti zitetezedwe:
① Zida zonse zamagetsi pamalo omangawo ziyenera kukhala ndi zoteteza kutayikira. Chifukwa cha zomangamanga zotseguka, chilengedwe chonyowa, kusintha kwa ogwira ntchito, ndi kasamalidwe ka zipangizo zofooka, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumakhala koopsa, ndipo zipangizo zonse zamagetsi zimafunika kuti zikhale ndi magetsi ndi magetsi, zipangizo zam'manja ndi zowonongeka, ndi zina zotero.
②Miyezo yoyambirira yoteteza zeroing (grounding) sinasinthidwebe momwe ikufunikira, yomwe ndi njira yoyambira kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi motetezeka ndipo siyingachotsedwe.
③Woteteza kutayikira amayikidwa kumapeto kwa mzere wonyamula zida zamagetsi. Cholinga cha izi ndikuteteza zida zamagetsi ndikutetezanso mizere yonyamula katundu kuti tipewe ngozi zamagetsi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mzere.
10. Chifukwa chiyani choteteza chotsitsa chimayikidwa chitetezo chikalumikizidwa ndi mzere wa ziro (grounding)?
Yankho: Ziribe kanthu kaya chitetezo chikugwirizana ndi zero kapena muyeso wapansi, chitetezo chake ndi chochepa. Mwachitsanzo, "chitetezo zero kulumikizana" ndikulumikiza chitsulo chachitsulo cha zida zamagetsi ku mzere wa zero wa gridi yamagetsi, ndikuyika fusesi kumbali yamagetsi. Zida zamagetsi zikakhudza vuto la chipolopolo (gawo limakhudza chipolopolo), gawo limodzi laling'ono la mzere wa zero limapangidwa. Chifukwa cha mayendedwe afupiafupi, fuseyi imawombedwa mwachangu ndipo magetsi amachotsedwa kuti atetezedwe. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndikusintha "chipolopolo cha chipolopolo" kukhala "gawo limodzi lachifupi-circuit fault", kuti mupeze inshuwaransi yayikulu yodulira nthawi yayitali. Komabe, zolakwika zamagetsi pamalo omanga sizichitika kawirikawiri, ndipo zolakwika zotuluka nthawi zambiri zimachitika, monga kutayikira chifukwa cha chinyontho cha zida, katundu wambiri, mizere yayitali, kutsekereza kukalamba, ndi zina zambiri. Choncho, kulephera sikudzachotsedwa ndipo kudzakhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma kutayikira kwa madzi kumeneku kukuwopseza kwambiri chitetezo chamunthu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa choteteza chotayirira chokhala ndi chidwi chachikulu kuti chitetezedwe chowonjezera.
11. Ndi mitundu yanji ya zoteteza kutayikira?
Yankho: Woteteza kutayikira amagawidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse kusankha kogwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, molingana ndi momwe amachitira, imatha kugawidwa mumtundu wamagetsi ndi mtundu waposachedwa; molingana ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito, pali mtundu wa switch ndi mtundu wa relay; malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo ndi mizere, pali nsanamira imodzi ya mawaya awiri, nsanamira ziwiri, mipingo iwiri ya mawaya atatu ndi zina zotero. Zotsatirazi zimayikidwa molingana ndi zomwe zikuchitika komanso nthawi yochitapo kanthu: ①Malinga ndi chidwi cha zochita, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: Kukhudzika kwakukulu: kutayikira kwapano kuli pansi pa 30mA; Kukhudzika kwapakatikati: 30 ~ 1000mA; Kukhudzika kochepa: pamwamba pa 1000mA. ②Malinga ndi nthawi yochitapo kanthu, imatha kugawidwa kukhala: mtundu wachangu: nthawi yotulutsa ndi yochepera 0.1s; mtundu wochedwa: nthawi yochitapo kanthu ndi yayikulu kuposa 0.1s, pakati pa 0.1-2s; Mtundu wa nthawi yosiyana: momwe kutayikira kukuchulukirachulukira, nthawi yotayikira imachepa. Pamene ovoteledwa kutayikira ntchito panopa ntchito, nthawi ntchito ndi 0.2 ~ 1s; pamene ntchito panopa ndi 1.4 nthawi ntchito panopa, ndi 0.1, 0.5s; pamene ntchito panopa ndi 4.4 nthawi ntchito panopa, ndi zosakwana 0.05s.
12. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa zoteteza zamagetsi ndi electromagnetic leakage?
Yankho: Woteteza kutayikira amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu wamagetsi ndi mtundu wamagetsi malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zodumphira: ① Electromagnetic tripping type leakage protector, ndi chipangizo chapakatikati cholumikizira ngati njira yapakatikati, kutayikira kukachitika, makinawo amapunthwa ndipo magetsi amachotsedwa. Zoyipa za mtetezi uyu ndi: kukwera mtengo komanso zovuta zopangira zinthu. Ubwino wake ndi: zigawo za electromagnetic zimakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza komanso kugwedezeka kwamphamvu (kugwedezeka kwakukulu ndi kugwedezeka); palibe magetsi othandizira omwe amafunikira; mawonekedwe a kutayikira pambuyo pa zero voteji ndi kulephera kwa gawo kumakhalabe kosasintha. ②Woteteza kutayikira kwamagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito transistor amplifier ngati njira yapakatikati. Kutayikira kumachitika, kumakulitsidwa ndi amplifier ndiyeno kutumizidwa ku relay, ndipo cholumikizira chimawongolera chosinthira kuti chisalumikizane ndi magetsi. Ubwino wa chitetezo ichi ndi: kukhudzika kwakukulu (mpaka 5mA); cholakwika chochepa chokhazikitsa, njira yosavuta yopangira komanso yotsika mtengo. Zoipa ndi izi: transistor ili ndi mphamvu yofooka yolimbana ndi kugwedezeka ndipo imakhala yosakanizidwa ndi kusokoneza chilengedwe; imafunika magetsi othandizira (zowonjezera zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimafunikira magetsi a DC opitilira ma volts khumi), kuti mawonekedwe otayikira amakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa voteji yogwira ntchito; pamene dera lalikulu latha, chitetezo chamtetezi chidzatayika.
13. Ndi ntchito zotani zotetezera za wowononga dera lotayikira?
Yankho: Woteteza kutayikira makamaka ndi chipangizo chomwe chimapereka chitetezo pamene zida zamagetsi zili ndi vuto lotuluka. Mukayika choteteza kutayikira, chipangizo chowonjezera chachitetezo cha overcurrent chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa. Fuse ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo chozungulira pang'ono, kusankhidwa kwake kuyenera kugwirizana ndi kuthekera kozimitsa kwa woteteza kutayikira. Pakadali pano, chowotcha chowotcha chomwe chimaphatikizira chida choteteza kutayikira ndi chosinthira magetsi (automatic air circuit breaker) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mtundu watsopano wamagetsi wamagetsiwu uli ndi ntchito zachitetezo chozungulira chachifupi, chitetezo chochulukirachulukira, kuteteza kutayikira komanso chitetezo chocheperako. Pakuyika, ma wiring amakhala osavuta, kuchuluka kwa bokosi lamagetsi kumachepetsedwa ndipo kuwongolera kumakhala kosavuta. Tanthauzo la mtundu wa nameplate wotsalira wamagetsi otsalawo ndi motere: Samalani mukamagwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa chotsalira chamagetsi chotsalira chili ndi zinthu zambiri zoteteza, ulendo ukachitika, chomwe chimayambitsa cholakwikacho chiyenera kudziwika momveka bwino: Pamene wotsalira waposachedwa waphwanyidwa chifukwa cha dera lalifupi, chivundikirocho chiyenera kutsegulidwa kuti muwone ngati zolumikizanazo zilipo; pamene dera likugwedezeka chifukwa cha kuchulukana, silingathe kutsekedwa mwamsanga. Popeza kuti chowotcha chozungulira chimakhala ndi relay yotenthetsera ngati chitetezo cholemetsa, pomwe mphamvu yomwe idavoteledwa imakhala yayikulu kuposa yomwe idavotera pano, pepala la bimetallic limapindika kuti lilekanitse kulumikizana, ndipo zolumikizira zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso pambuyo poti pepala la bimetallic litakhazikika mwachilengedwe ndikubwezeretsedwa ku chikhalidwe chake choyambirira. Pamene ulendowu umayambitsidwa ndi vuto lotayirira, chifukwa chake chiyenera kuzindikiridwa ndipo cholakwikacho chimachotsedwa musanatseke. Kutseka mokakamiza ndikoletsedwa. Wowononga dera lotayikira akasweka ndikuyenda, chogwirizira ngati L chimakhala chapakati. Ikatsekedwanso, chogwirira ntchito chiyenera kugwetsedwa (kusweka) poyamba, kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchito atsekedwenso, ndiyeno atsekedwe mmwamba. Chowotcha chamagetsi chotayikira chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posinthira zida zokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu (zokulirapo kuposa 4.5kw) zomwe sizimayendetsedwa pafupipafupi mumizere yamagetsi.
14. Kodi kusankha kutayikira mtetezi?
Yankho: Kusankhidwa kwa chitetezo chotayirira kuyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi cholinga chogwiritsira ntchito ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
Sankhani malinga ndi cholinga chachitetezo:
①Ndicholinga chopewera kugwedezeka kwamagetsi. Kukhazikitsidwa kumapeto kwa mzere, sankhani chitetezo chothamanga kwambiri, chothamanga chamtundu wachangu.
②Pa mizere yanthambi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi kuyika zida pofuna kupewa kugwedezeka kwamagetsi, gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza zotayirira zapakatikati, zothamanga.
③ Kwa mzere wa thunthu ndicholinga choletsa moto womwe umabwera chifukwa cha kutayikira ndi kuteteza mizere ndi zida, zoteteza zapakatikati komanso kuchedwa kutha kwa nthawi ziyenera kusankhidwa.
Sankhani molingana ndi njira yamagetsi:
① Poteteza mizere ya gawo limodzi (zida), gwiritsani ntchito zotchingira zotayikira zamtundu umodzi wamawaya awiri kapena mizati iwiri.
② Poteteza mizere ya magawo atatu (zida), gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zamitengo itatu.
③ Pakakhala magawo atatu ndi gawo limodzi, gwiritsani ntchito mawaya atatu kapena ma pole anayi. Posankha chiwerengero cha mizati ya mtetezi kutayikira, ayenera n'zogwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha mizere ya mzere kutetezedwa. Chiwerengero cha mitengo yachitetezo chimatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa mawaya omwe amatha kulumikizidwa ndi ma switch amkati, monga chitetezo chamitengo itatu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mawaya osinthira amatha kulumikiza mawaya atatu. Mawaya amodzi okhala ndi mawaya awiri, mawaya awiri otchingira mawaya atatu ndi atatu amawaya anayi onse ali ndi waya wosalowerera womwe umadutsa mwachindunji pachinthu chozindikira kuti watuluka popanda kulumikizidwa. Gwirani ntchito zero mzere, terminal iyi ndiyoletsedwa kulumikiza ndi mzere wa PE. Zindikirani kuti chotchinga chotchinga chamitengo itatu sichiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi zamagawo awiri (kapena gawo limodzi lamagawo atatu). Sikoyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chazitsulo zinayi zotayirira pazida zamagetsi zamagawo atatu. Sichiloledwa m'malo atatu gawo anayi pole kutayikira mtetezi ndi atatu gawo atatu pole kutayikira mtetezi.
15. Malinga ndi zofunikira za kugawa mphamvu kwamagulu, kodi bokosi lamagetsi liyenera kukhala ndi zoikamo zingati?
Yankho: Malo omanga nthawi zambiri amagawidwa molingana ndi magawo atatu, kotero mabokosi amagetsi ayeneranso kukhazikitsidwa molingana ndi gululo, ndiko kuti, pansi pa bokosi lalikulu logawa, pali bokosi logawa, ndipo bokosi losinthira lili pansi pa bokosi logawa, ndipo zipangizo zamagetsi zili pansi pa bokosi losinthira. . Bokosi logawa ndilo mgwirizano wapakati wa kufalitsa mphamvu ndi kugawa pakati pa gwero la mphamvu ndi zipangizo zamagetsi mu dongosolo logawa. Ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pogawa mphamvu. Miyezo yonse yogawa ikuchitika kudzera mu bokosi logawa. Bokosi lalikulu logawa limayang'anira kugawidwa kwa dongosolo lonse, ndipo bokosi logawa limayang'anira kugawidwa kwa nthambi iliyonse. Bokosi losinthira ndilo kutha kwa dongosolo logawa mphamvu, ndipo pansi ndi zida zamagetsi. Chida chilichonse chamagetsi chimayendetsedwa ndi bokosi lake lodzipatulira, kugwiritsa ntchito makina amodzi ndi chipata chimodzi. Osagwiritsa ntchito bokosi losinthira limodzi pazida zingapo kuti mupewe ngozi zachipongwe; musaphatikize mphamvu ndi kuyatsa mu bokosi limodzi losinthana kuti mupewe kuyatsa kukhudzidwa ndi kulephera kwa mzere wamagetsi. Gawo lapamwamba la bokosi losinthira limagwirizanitsidwa ndi magetsi ndipo gawo lapansi limagwirizanitsidwa ndi zipangizo zamagetsi, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri komanso zoopsa, ndipo ziyenera kuperekedwa. Kusankhidwa kwa zigawo zamagetsi mu bokosi lamagetsi kuyenera kusinthidwa ku dera ndi zipangizo zamagetsi. Kuyika kwa bokosi lamagetsi kumakhala koyima komanso kolimba, ndipo pali malo ogwirira ntchito mozungulira. Palibe madzi oima kapena ma sundries pansi, ndipo palibe gwero la kutentha ndi kugwedezeka pafupi. Bokosi lamagetsi liyenera kukhala lopanda mvula komanso lopanda fumbi. Bokosi losinthira siliyenera kukhala lopitilira 3m kutali ndi zida zokhazikika kuti ziwongoleredwe.
16. Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chamagulu?
Yankho: Chifukwa otsika-voteji magetsi ndi kugawa zambiri ntchito graded kugawa mphamvu. Ngati wotetezera kutayikira amangoikidwa kumapeto kwa mzere (mu bokosi losinthira), ngakhale kuti mzere wolakwika ukhoza kutsekedwa pamene kutayikira kumachitika, chitetezo chochepa ndi chaching'ono; Mofananamo, ngati mzere wa thunthu la nthambi (m'bokosi logawa) kapena thunthu la thunthu (bokosi lalikulu logawa) liikidwa Ikani choteteza kutayikira, ngakhale kuti chitetezo ndi chachikulu, ngati chipangizo china chamagetsi chikutuluka ndi kuyenda, chidzachititsa kuti dongosolo lonse liwonongeke, zomwe sizimakhudza ntchito yachibadwa ya zida zopanda vuto, komanso zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza ngozi. Mwachiwonekere, njira zotetezera izi ndizosakwanira. malo. Chifukwa chake, zofunikira zosiyanasiyana monga mzere ndi katundu ziyenera kulumikizidwa, ndipo oteteza omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana otayikira amayenera kukhazikitsidwa pamzere waukulu wamagetsi otsika, mzere wanthambi ndi kumapeto kwa mzere kuti apange maukonde oteteza kutayikira. Pankhani yachitetezo chokhazikika, magawo achitetezo omwe amasankhidwa m'magawo onse akuyenera kugwirizana wina ndi mnzake kuwonetsetsa kuti woteteza kutayikira sangapitirire kuchitapo kanthu pomwe vuto lotayikira kapena ngozi yamagetsi yamunthu ichitika kumapeto; panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamafunika kuti pamene chitetezo cham'munsi chikalephera, wotetezera wapamwamba adzachitapo kanthu kuti athetse chitetezo chapansi. Kulephera mwangozi. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chitetezo chamagulu kumathandizira kuti zida zonse zamagetsi zikhale ndi miyeso yopitilira iwiri yachitetezo cha kutayikira, zomwe sizimangopanga zinthu zotetezeka pazida zamagetsi kumapeto kwa mizere yonse ya gridi yamagetsi otsika, komanso imaperekanso kukhudzana kwachindunji komanso kosalunjika kwachitetezo chaumwini. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuzima kwa magetsi pakachitika vuto, ndipo ndikosavuta kupeza ndikupeza cholakwika, chomwe chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magetsi otetezedwa, kuchepetsa ngozi zamagetsi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chikugwira ntchito.